前(qian) 言

体(ti)育对包括残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)在内(nei)的(de)(de)(de)每(mei)个人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)生活都具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)价值。残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)体(ti)育是(shi)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)增强体(ti)质、康复身心、参与社会(hui)、实现(xian)全(quan)面发展的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效(xiao)途径(jing)；是(shi)人(ren)们认识残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)潜能与价值、促(cu)进社会(hui)和谐共(gong)进的(de)(de)(de)独特渠道(dao)。发展残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)体(ti)育，对于保(bao)障残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)平等权(quan)(quan)(quan)利、促(cu)进残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)融合发展、推动残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)共(gong)享经济社会(hui)发展成果，具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)意义。残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)体(ti)育重(zhong)(zhong)在参与，这是(shi)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)一项重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)权(quan)(quan)(quan)利，是(shi)人(ren)权(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)障的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)内(nei)容。

以习(xi)近平同志为核心的党中央十分关心残疾(ji)人，高度重(zhong)视残疾(ji)人事业发展。中共(gong)十八(ba)大以来，在(zai)习(xi)近平新时代(dai)中国特色社会(hui)主义思想指引下，中国将残(can)疾(ji)人事业纳入“五位一体”总体布(bu)局(ju)和“四个全(quan)面”战略布(bu)局(ju)，采取(qu)切实有效措(cuo)施(shi)促进残(can)疾(ji)人体育蓬(peng)勃发展(zhan)。残疾人(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)运动(dong)水(shui)平不(bu)(bu)断提高，残疾人(ren)(ren)运动(dong)员自强(qiang)不(bu)(bu)息、顽强(qiang)拼搏、为国争光、激励社会，残疾人(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)事(shi)业取(qu)得历史性(xing)成就。

北京2022年冬残(can)奥会开幕在即(ji)，全世界(jie)的(de)(de)目(mu)光再次聚焦残(can)疾人(ren)体(ti)育(yu)健儿，中国残(can)疾人(ren)体(ti)育(yu)迎来新的(de)(de)发展(zhan)机(ji)遇，必将推动国际残(can)疾人(ren)体(ti)育(yu)运动“一起向(xiang)未来”。

一、国家发展促进(jin)残疾人(ren)体(ti)育进(jin)步

新中国(guo)成(cheng)立以来，在社(she)会主(zhu)义革(ge)命和建(jian)(jian)设、改革(ge)开放和社(she)会主(zhu)义现(xian)代(dai)化建(jian)(jian)设、新时代(dai)中国(guo)特(te)色社(she)会主(zhu)义伟大(da)进(jin)程中，伴随着(zhe)残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)事业的发(fa)展，残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)体育不断发(fa)展壮大(da)，走(zou)出一条具有中国(guo)特(te)色、符合时代(dai)潮流的残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)体育发(fa)展之路。

1. 新中国成立后残疾人体育(yu)活动逐步开展。1949年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)华人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和(he)国成立(li)，实现了(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)当家作(zuo)主，残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在政治(zhi)上获得了(le)(le)和(he)其他人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)平等的(de)(de)(de)(de)地位，享受应有的(de)(de)(de)(de)公民(min)(min)权(quan)利(li)(li)(li)和(he)义务。1954年(nian)(nian)制定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)华人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和(he)国宪法》规定(ding)(ding)，残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)“有获得物质帮助的(de)(de)(de)(de)权(quan)利(li)(li)(li)”。福(fu)利(li)(li)(li)工厂(chang)、福(fu)利(li)(li)(li)机构、特(te)殊教育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)学校、残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社会(hui)组织(zhi)和(he)友善的(de)(de)(de)(de)社会(hui)环(huan)境保障了(le)(le)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)权(quan)益(yi)，改善了(le)(le)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活。新中(zhong)(zhong)国成立(li)初期，中(zhong)(zhong)国共产(chan)党和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)国政府就非常(chang)重(zhong)视全(quan)(quan)民(min)(min)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)运(yun)动，基(ji)于学校、工厂(chang)、疗养院的(de)(de)(de)(de)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)逐步发展起来。广(guang)大残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)积(ji)极(ji)参(can)与(yu)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)活动，开展了(le)(le)广(guang)播操(cao)、生(sheng)产(chan)操(cao)、乒乓球(qiu)、篮球(qiu)、拔河(he)等体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)活动，为残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)发展奠定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)基(ji)础。1957年(nian)(nian)，第一届全(quan)(quan)国青年(nian)(nian)盲(mang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动会(hui)在上海举办(ban)。全(quan)(quan)国各地建立(li)了(le)(le)聋(long)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织(zhi)，积(ji)极(ji)举办(ban)区域性聋(long)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)运(yun)动会(hui)。1959年(nian)(nian)，举办(ban)了(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)国首届聋(long)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)男子(zi)篮球(qiu)赛(sai)。全(quan)(quan)国性残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)比赛(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)开展，推动更多残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)参(can)加体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)活动，增强了(le)(le)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)质，激发了(le)(le)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社会(hui)参(can)与(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)热情。

2. 残疾人体育在(zai)改(gai)革开放中快速发展。改(gai)革开放后，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)实现了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)生活(huo)从温饱不足到(dao)总体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)小康、奔向(xiang)全(quan)面(mian)小康的历史性(xing)跨越，推(tui)进了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)华(hua)民(min)(min)族从站起来到(dao)富起来的伟大(da)飞跃。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共产(chan)党和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)政府(fu)实施(shi)了(le)(le)(le)一系列发展残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事业(ye)、改(gai)善(shan)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)状况(kuang)的重(zhong)大(da)举(ju)(ju)(ju)措。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)制定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)华(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和(he)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)保障法》，批准(zhun)了(le)(le)(le)联合(he)(he)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)《残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)权(quan)利(li)公(gong)约(yue)》。残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事业(ye)由改(gai)革开放初期以(yi)救济为(wei)(wei)主的社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)福利(li)工作(zuo)，逐步发展成为(wei)(wei)综合(he)(he)性(xing)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)事业(ye)。残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)参与社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)生活(huo)的环境大(da)为(wei)(wei)改(gai)善(shan)，残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)各(ge)方面(mian)的权(quan)利(li)得到(dao)尊重(zhong)和(he)保障，为(wei)(wei)发展残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)奠定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)基(ji)础。《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)华(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和(he)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)法》规(gui)定(ding)，全(quan)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)应当(dang)关(guan)心(xin)、支持残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)参加(jia)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)，各(ge)级(ji)政府(fu)应当(dang)采取(qu)措施(shi)为(wei)(wei)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)参加(jia)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)提供(gong)方便(bian)，公(gong)共体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)设施(shi)要对残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)实行优(you)惠办(ban)(ban)法，学(xue)校应当(dang)创造条件(jian)为(wei)(wei)病残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)学(xue)生组织适合(he)(he)其特点的体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)。残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)纳入国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)发展战略和(he)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事业(ye)发展规(gui)划，残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工作(zuo)机制逐步健(jian)全(quan)，公(gong)共服务全(quan)面(mian)开展，残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)迎来了(le)(le)(le)快(kuai)速发展阶段。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)天津(jin)举(ju)(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)伤(shang)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)邀请赛。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)安徽合(he)(he)肥举(ju)(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)首(shou)届全(quan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)代表(biao)团首(shou)次(ci)赴美国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)纽约(yue)参加(jia)第七届残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，并实现中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)史上(shang)金牌(pai)“零的突破”。1994年(nian)(nian)(nian)，北(bei)京(jing)承办(ban)(ban)第六届远(yuan)东及南太平(ping)洋地区残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)（以(yi)下简(jian)称(cheng)“远(yuan)南运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)”），这(zhei)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)首(shou)次(ci)承办(ban)(ban)综合(he)(he)性(xing)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)赛事。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)，北(bei)京(jing)获得2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)举(ju)(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)权(quan)。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)代表(biao)团在(zai)雅(ya)典残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)上(shang)首(shou)次(ci)获得金牌(pai)数和(he)奖牌(pai)数双第一。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)，举(ju)(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)上(shang)海世界夏季特殊奥(ao)(ao)林匹克(ke)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)（以(yi)下简(jian)称(cheng)“上(shang)海特奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)”）。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)，举(ju)(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)北(bei)京(jing)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)。2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)，举(ju)(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)广州亚洲残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)（以(yi)下简(jian)称(cheng)“广州亚残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)”）。这(zhei)一时期，先后成立了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)伤(shang)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)协会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)（后更名为(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)协会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)委员(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)）、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聋人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)协会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)智残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)协会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)（后更名为(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特奥(ao)(ao)委员(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)）等残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织，并相继加(jia)入国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)委员(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)等多个国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织。各(ge)地也先后成立了(le)(le)(le)各(ge)类残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织。

3. 新时(shi)代残疾人体(ti)育取(qu)得历史性成就。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)十八大(da)以来，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社(she)(she)会主义进入(ru)新时(shi)代，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)如期全(quan)(quan)面建(jian)成(cheng)小(xiao)康社(she)(she)会，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)华(hua)民(min)族迎来了从站起(qi)来、富(fu)(fu)起(qi)来到(dao)强(qiang)起(qi)来的(de)(de)(de)(de)伟大(da)飞跃。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)总书记、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)国(guo)(guo)家主席习近平(ping)(ping)对残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)格外关(guan)心(xin)、格外关(guan)注，强(qiang)调“残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)社(she)(she)会大(da)家庭(ting)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)等成(cheng)员(yuan)(yuan)，是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)类文(wen)明发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一支(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)力量(liang)，是(shi)(shi)坚持(chi)和(he)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)社(she)(she)会主义的(de)(de)(de)(de)一支(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)力量(liang)”“健全(quan)(quan)人(ren)(ren)可以活出精(jing)彩(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)生，残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)也可以活出精(jing)彩(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)生”“2020年全(quan)(quan)面建(jian)成(cheng)小(xiao)康社(she)(she)会，残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)一个也不能(neng)少”“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)将进一步发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)事业(ye)，促进残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)全(quan)(quan)面发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)富(fu)(fu)裕”“努(nu)力实现(xian)残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)‘人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)享有(you)康复服(fu)务(wu)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)目标”；强(qiang)调“把北京冬奥会、冬残(can)奥会办成(cheng)一届精(jing)彩(cai)、非凡、卓越的(de)(de)(de)(de)奥运(yun)盛(sheng)会”“要(yao)想运(yun)动员(yuan)(yuan)之所(suo)想、办运(yun)动员(yuan)(yuan)之所(suo)需(xu)，为(wei)运(yun)动员(yuan)(yuan)提(ti)供方(fang)便、快捷、精(jing)准、细(xi)致的(de)(de)(de)(de)服(fu)务(wu)，特(te)别是(shi)(shi)针(zhen)对残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)运(yun)动员(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)殊需(xu)求，增设相关(guan)无障碍设施”。这(zhei)些重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)论(lun)述为(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)事业(ye)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)指(zhi)明了前进方(fang)向。在以习近平(ping)(ping)同(tong)(tong)志为(wei)核心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)坚强(qiang)领导下(xia)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)把残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)事业(ye)持(chi)续纳(na)入(ru)国(guo)(guo)家经济(ji)社(she)(she)会发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)总体(ti)(ti)规划(hua)和(he)国(guo)(guo)家人(ren)(ren)权行动计划(hua)，残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)权益保障更加(jia)有(you)力，残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)“平(ping)(ping)等、参与(yu)、共(gong)(gong)享”的(de)(de)(de)(de)目标得到(dao)更好实现(xian)，残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)获得感(gan)、幸(xing)福感(gan)、安全(quan)(quan)感(gan)持(chi)续提(ti)升，残(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)迎来前所(suo)未有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)历(li)史性发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)机遇。

残疾(ji)人体育纳入全(quan)民健身、健康中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)、体育强国(guo)(guo)等国(guo)(guo)家(jia)战略。《中(zhong)华人民共(gong)和(he)国(guo)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)文(wen)化服务(wu)保障(zhang)(zhang)法》和(he)《无(wu)障(zhang)(zhang)碍环境建设条(tiao)例》规定优先(xian)推(tui)进(jin)体(ti)育等公(gong)(gong)共(gong)服务(wu)场所(suo)的(de)无(wu)障(zhang)(zhang)碍设施改造，配置无(wu)障(zhang)(zhang)碍的(de)设施设备。投资建设国(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人冰上(shang)运(yun)动比赛训练馆。残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人康(kang)(kang)复健(jian)身体(ti)育广泛开展，残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人体(ti)育活动进(jin)入社(she)区和(he)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭，越来越多残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人走出家(jia)(jia)(jia)门参(can)(can)与(yu)体(ti)育活动。实(shi)(shi)施全民健(jian)身助(zhu)残(can)(can)工程，培养残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人社(she)会体(ti)育指导(dao)员，为(wei)重度(du)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人提供居家(jia)(jia)(jia)康(kang)(kang)复健(jian)身服务(wu)。全力备战北(bei)京(jing)2022年冬(dong)(dong)季残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会，实(shi)(shi)现冬(dong)(dong)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)参(can)(can)赛大(da)项全覆盖。残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人运(yun)动员在(zai)平(ping)昌(chang)冬(dong)(dong)季残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会上(shang)勇夺轮椅冰壶金牌(pai)(pai)，实(shi)(shi)现冬(dong)(dong)季残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会金牌(pai)(pai)和(he)奖牌(pai)(pai)“零的(de)突破(po)”；在(zai)东(dong)京(jing)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会上(shang)表现“神勇”，实(shi)(shi)现金牌(pai)(pai)数和(he)奖牌(pai)(pai)数五连冠；参(can)(can)加听障(zhang)(zhang)奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)会、世(shi)界特(te)奥(ao)(ao)会等重大(da)国(guo)际赛事(shi)取得(de)历史最好成绩。

中(zhong)国(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾人(ren)(ren)体育发展(zhan)水平快(kuai)速提升，彰(zhang)显了(le)中(zhong)国(guo)推动(dong)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾人(ren)(ren)事业发展(zhan)的(de)制度优势，展(zhan)现(xian)了(le)中(zhong)国(guo)尊重和保障残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾人(ren)(ren)权(quan)益的(de)显著成(cheng)就(jiu)，理解、尊重、关心、帮(bang)助残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾人(ren)(ren)的(de)社会氛(fen)围更(geng)加浓厚，越来越多残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾人(ren)(ren)通过参与体育运(yun)动(dong)成(cheng)就(jiu)出彩人(ren)(ren)生，实现(xian)人(ren)(ren)生梦想。残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾人(ren)(ren)挑战极限、锐意进取(qu)、顽强拼(pin)搏的(de)精神激励(li)了(le)全(quan)国(guo)人(ren)(ren)民，促进了(le)社会文(wen)明(ming)进步。

二、残疾人群众性体育活动(dong)广泛开展

中国(guo)将残疾(ji)人康(kang)复健(jian)身(shen)(shen)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育作为实施全民健(jian)身(shen)(shen)、健(jian)康(kang)中国(guo)、体(ti)(ti)(ti)育强(qiang)(qiang)国(guo)等国(guo)家战(zhan)略的重要组成部(bu)分，开展(zhan)全国(guo)性残疾(ji)人体(ti)(ti)(ti)育活(huo)(huo)动，改善体(ti)(ti)(ti)育服务(wu)，丰富活(huo)(huo)动内容，加强(qiang)(qiang)科研教育，残疾(ji)人群众性康(kang)复健(jian)身(shen)(shen)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育活(huo)(huo)动日益(yi)活(huo)(huo)跃。

1. 残疾(ji)人(ren)体育活(huo)动丰富多彩(cai)。城乡基层残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)康复(fu)(fu)(fu)健(jian)(jian)身(shen)(shen)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)因地(di)制宜，活(huo)跃开展(zhan)。通(tong)过推(tui)广社(she)区残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)康复(fu)(fu)(fu)健(jian)(jian)身(shen)(shen)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)项(xiang)目(mu)、政府购买体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)健(jian)(jian)身(shen)(shen)服务(wu)等(deng)(deng)方式，推(tui)动(dong)(dong)(dong)残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在基层社(she)区开展(zhan)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)健(jian)(jian)身(shen)(shen)和竞赛(sai)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)。全国(guo)残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社(she)区文体(ti)(ti)(ti)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)参(can)与(yu)(yu)(yu)率由2015年的6.8%持续提升至2021年的23.9%。各(ge)级(ji)(ji)各(ge)类学校组织残疾(ji)(ji)学生开展(zhan)适合其特(te)(te)点(dian)的日常体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)，创编推(tui)广排舞、啦(la)啦(la)操、旱地(di)冰壶(hu)等(deng)(deng)适合残疾(ji)(ji)学生集体(ti)(ti)(ti)参(can)与(yu)(yu)(yu)的运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)项(xiang)目(mu)。鼓(gu)励大中小学生参(can)与(yu)(yu)(yu)特(te)(te)奥大学计划和融合活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)(deng)项(xiang)目(mu)，动(dong)(dong)(dong)员医务(wu)工(gong)作(zuo)者(zhe)参(can)与(yu)(yu)(yu)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)康复(fu)(fu)(fu)、运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)员分级(ji)(ji)、特(te)(te)奥运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)员健(jian)(jian)康计划等(deng)(deng)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)，组织体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)者(zhe)参(can)与(yu)(yu)(yu)残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)健(jian)(jian)身(shen)(shen)、竞赛(sai)训练等(deng)(deng)专(zhuan)业(ye)工(gong)作(zuo)，为残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)提供志愿服务(wu)。全国(guo)残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)会设有康复(fu)(fu)(fu)健(jian)(jian)身(shen)(shen)类体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)比(bi)赛(sai)项(xiang)目(mu)。举办残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民间足(zu)球(qiu)赛(sai)，设盲人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、聋人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、智力残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)等(deng)(deng)多个(ge)组别。全国(guo)残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)排舞公开赛(sai)参(can)与(yu)(yu)(yu)队(dui)伍扩展(zhan)至近20个(ge)省（区、市(shi)），越(yue)来越(yue)多的特(te)(te)殊教育(yu)(yu)学校将排舞项(xiang)目(mu)列为大课间体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)。

2. 全国性(xing)残疾(ji)人体(ti)育(yu)活动风生水(shui)起。各类残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)每(mei)年定期参(can)加(jia)(jia)“全(quan)国(guo)特奥(ao)日(ri)”“残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)健身(shen)周(zhou)”和(he)“残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)冰雪运动(dong)季”等(deng)全(quan)国(guo)性残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育活(huo)(huo)动(dong)。自(zi)(zi)2007年起，每(mei)年7月20日(ri)开展(zhan)(zhan)“全(quan)国(guo)特奥(ao)日(ri)”活(huo)(huo)动(dong)，智(zhi)力(li)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)通过(guo)参(can)加(jia)(jia)特奥(ao)运动(dong)，挖掘(jue)潜力(li)、增(zeng)强(qiang)信心、融(rong)入社会。自(zi)(zi)2011年起，每(mei)年“全(quan)民健身(shen)日(ri)”所(suo)在周(zhou)全(quan)国(guo)集中开展(zhan)(zhan)“残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)健身(shen)周(zhou)”活(huo)(huo)动(dong)，举办(ban)轮(lun)椅太极拳、柔(rou)力(li)球、盲(mang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)足球等(deng)健身(shen)运动(dong)项(xiang)目(mu)。残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)通过(guo)参(can)加(jia)(jia)康(kang)复健身(shen)体育赛事(shi)和(he)活(huo)(huo)动(dong)，学习残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育文化知识，开展(zhan)(zhan)体验运动(dong)项(xiang)目(mu)，了解各种康(kang)复健身(shen)器材，展(zhan)(zhan)示和(he)交流康(kang)复健身(shen)技(ji)能，增(zeng)强(qiang)了身(shen)体素质，陶冶了性情(qing)(qing)，激(ji)发了生活(huo)(huo)热(re)情(qing)(qing)，培(pei)养了融(rong)入社会的自(zi)(zi)信。肢(zhi)残(can)(can)(can)人(ren)(ren)(ren)轮(lun)椅马拉松、盲(mang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)象棋(qi)交流挑战赛、全(quan)国(guo)聋(long)人(ren)(ren)(ren)柔(rou)力(li)球交流赛等(deng)赛事(shi)已(yi)成为全(quan)国(guo)性品牌活(huo)(huo)动(dong)。

3. 残(can)疾人大众(zhong)冰(bing)雪运动(dong)蓬勃发展。自(zi)2016年(nian)起，连(lian)续6年(nian)举(ju)(ju)办(ban)“残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)运(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)季”，为(wei)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)参(can)与(yu)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)运(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)搭建平(ping)台(tai)，带动(dong)(dong)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)融入(ru)“3亿人(ren)参(can)与(yu)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)运(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)”。从首届(jie)开展(zhan)的14个省级单位发展(zhan)到(dao)现在的31个省（区、市）。各(ge)地(di)(di)因地(di)(di)制(zhi)宜举(ju)(ju)办(ban)冬(dong)季残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)体(ti)育活动(dong)(dong)，开展(zhan)冬(dong)残(can)(can)奥项目(mu)体(ti)验、大(da)(da)众冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)体(ti)育赛事、冬(dong)季康复健身训练营、冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)嘉年(nian)华等形式多样、内容丰富的活动(dong)(dong)。创编(bian)和(he)推(tui)广了迷(mi)你滑雪(xue)、旱地(di)(di)滑雪(xue)、旱地(di)(di)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)壶、冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蹴球、滑冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)橇、雪(xue)橇、冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)上自(zi)行车、雪(xue)地(di)(di)足球、冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)上龙舟、雪(xue)地(di)(di)拔河、冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)河钓鱼(yu)等新颖有趣、深受(shou)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)喜爱的大(da)(da)众冰(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)雪(xue)运(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)项目(mu)。通过编(bian)制(zhi)发放《残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)冬(dong)季体(ti)育健身项目(mu)和(he)活动(dong)(dong)方法指导(dao)手册》等，为(wei)基层残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)冬(dong)季体(ti)育健身提供(gong)服务(wu)和(he)支持。

4. 残疾人康复健身体育服务不断(duan)改善。实施“自强健身工(gong)程”和(he)“康(kang)复(fu)体育关爱工(gong)程”，促进(jin)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)康(kang)复健(jian)(jian)(jian)身。加强(qiang)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)康(kang)复健(jian)(jian)(jian)身体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)服(fu)务队伍(wu)建设，创(chuang)编推(tui)广(guang)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)康(kang)复体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)、健(jian)(jian)(jian)身体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)项(xiang)目和(he)方法(fa)，研发推(tui)广(guang)康(kang)复体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)、健(jian)(jian)(jian)身体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)器材，丰(feng)富残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)服(fu)务产品(pin)，推(tui)进(jin)社(she)区残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)健(jian)(jian)(jian)身体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)和(he)居家(jia)重度残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)康(kang)复体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)服(fu)务。《全民健(jian)(jian)(jian)身基本公(gong)(gong)共服(fu)务标准（2021年版）》等国(guo)家(jia)政策(ce)法(fa)规明确要求改(gai)善残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)健(jian)(jian)(jian)身环境(jing)，要求公(gong)(gong)共体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)设施免费(fei)或低收(shou)费(fei)向(xiang)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)开(kai)放。截至(zhi)2020年，全国残(can)疾(ji)人健身示范(fan)点累计建(jian)设(she)10675个，共培养、发展残(can)疾(ji)人社会体(ti)育指导员12.5万名，为43.4万户(hu)重度残(can)疾(ji)人提(ti)供(gong)了康复体(ti)育进家(jia)庭(ting)等(deng)服务。同时(shi)，面向(xiang)经济欠发达(da)地(di)区(qu)和乡镇(zhen)、农村地(di)区(qu)给予重点支(zhi)持，积(ji)极引导(dao)建设残疾人冬季健身活(huo)动(dong)服(fu)务站(zhan)点。

5. 残(can)疾人体(ti)育(yu)教学科研取得进步(bu)。中国把残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)纳入(ru)特殊教育(yu)(yu)(yu)和师范、体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)教学计划，残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)研机构(gou)(gou)建设(she)步伐加快，中国残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)运动(dong)管理中心、中国残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事业(ye)发(fa)展研究会(hui)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)发(fa)展专(zhuan)业(ye)委(wei)员(yuan)会(hui)以及(ji)多所高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)成(cheng)立的残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)研机构(gou)(gou)成(cheng)为残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)研的重要力量。残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才培养(yang)初步形成(cheng)体(ti)(ti)系，部分高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)开设(she)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)相关(guan)选修(xiu)课(ke)程，培养(yang)了一批残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)专(zhuan)业(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才。残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)(ke)研成(cheng)果不(bu)断丰富。截至2021年，关(guan)于(yu)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)研究的国家社科(ke)(ke)基金项目累计超(chao)过(guo)20项。

三、残疾人竞(jing)技体育(yu)水平不断提(ti)高

残(can)疾人(ren)参(can)与(yu)体育(yu)赛事(shi)日益增多(duo)(duo)，越来(lai)越多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)残(can)疾人(ren)运动员参(can)加国内(nei)国际残(can)疾人(ren)体育(yu)赛事(shi)，勇于挑战，超越自(zi)(zi)我，展现自(zi)(zi)强不息、顽强拼搏的(de)(de)精神，成就出彩人(ren)生(sheng)。

1. 在(zai)重大(da)国际残疾人体(ti)育赛事中表(biao)现(xian)优异。自1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)起，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)智力残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)参(can)加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)9届(jie)(jie)(jie)世(shi)界夏(xia)季特(te)(te)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)和(he)(he)7届(jie)(jie)(jie)世(shi)界冬(dong)季特(te)(te)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)，展示(shi)了(le)(le)(le)“勇(yong)敢(gan)尝试(shi)、争取胜(sheng)利”的(de)(de)特(te)(te)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)精神。1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)聋人(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)首次走出国(guo)(guo)(guo)门，参(can)加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)新(xin)西兰克(ke)赖斯特(te)(te)彻(che)奇(qi)第16届(jie)(jie)(jie)世(shi)界聋人(ren)(ren)运动(dong)会(hui)(hui)。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)美国(guo)(guo)(guo)盐湖城(cheng)第16届(jie)(jie)(jie)冬(dong)季聋奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)上，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)代(dai)表团(tuan)获得1枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)铜牌(pai)(pai)，首次在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)冬(dong)季聋奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)上夺(duo)得奖(jiang)牌(pai)(pai)。此后在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)多(duo)届(jie)(jie)(jie)夏(xia)季和(he)(he)冬(dong)季聋奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)上取得佳绩(ji)。积极参(can)加(jia)亚洲残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)赛(sai)事(shi)，屡获殊(shu)荣。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)代(dai)表团(tuan)24名残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)运动(dong)员在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)纽约(yue)第7届(jie)(jie)(jie)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)上参(can)加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)田(tian)径、游泳、乒乓球三个大项(xiang)的(de)(de)比赛(sai)，获得2枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)金(jin)(jin)牌(pai)(pai)、24枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)奖(jiang)牌(pai)(pai)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)群体中(zhong)掀起了(le)(le)(le)参(can)与(yu)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)运动(dong)的(de)(de)热潮(chao)。此后中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)代(dai)表团(tuan)相继参(can)加(jia)了(le)(le)(le)历届(jie)(jie)(jie)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)，成(cheng)绩(ji)稳步提升。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)雅典第12届(jie)(jie)(jie)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)上，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)代(dai)表团(tuan)获得63枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)金(jin)(jin)牌(pai)(pai)、141枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)奖(jiang)牌(pai)(pai)，金(jin)(jin)牌(pai)(pai)数和(he)(he)奖(jiang)牌(pai)(pai)数跃居第一。2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)东(dong)京(jing)第16届(jie)(jie)(jie)残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)上，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)代(dai)表团(tuan)获得96枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)金(jin)(jin)牌(pai)(pai)、207枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)奖(jiang)牌(pai)(pai)，连(lian)续五届(jie)(jie)(jie)实现金(jin)(jin)牌(pai)(pai)、奖(jiang)牌(pai)(pai)榜双第一。“十三五”时期，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)代(dai)表团(tuan)共参(can)加(jia)160项(xiang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)赛(sai)事(shi)，取得1114枚(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)金(jin)(jin)牌(pai)(pai)。

2. 全国性残疾人体育赛(sai)事影(ying)响(xiang)不断扩(kuo)大。自(zi)1984年(nian)举(ju)办首届(jie)(jie)(jie)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)以来，中国(guo)(guo)已先后举(ju)办11届(jie)(jie)(jie)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)，比(bi)赛项(xiang)目从田径、游(you)泳、乒乓球发展到(dao)34个(ge)(ge)项(xiang)目。自(zi)1992年(nian)第三届(jie)(jie)(jie)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)起，全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)正式(shi)列(lie)入国(guo)(guo)务院审批的(de)大型运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)系(xi)列(lie)，形成每四年(nian)举(ju)办一次(ci)(ci)的(de)机(ji)制，残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人体育(yu)逐步(bu)进入制度(du)化(hua)、规范化(hua)的(de)发展轨(gui)道。2019年(nian)，在(zai)天津(jin)举(ju)办的(de)第十届(jie)(jie)(jie)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)暨(ji)第七(qi)届(jie)(jie)(jie)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)特(te)奥会(hui)(hui)首次(ci)(ci)实现全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)和(he)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)同(tong)城举(ju)办。2021年(nian)，在(zai)陕(shan)西举(ju)办的(de)第十一届(jie)(jie)(jie)残(can)(can)(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)暨(ji)第八届(jie)(jie)(jie)特(te)奥会(hui)(hui)首次(ci)(ci)实现全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)特(te)奥会(hui)(hui)和(he)全(quan)国(guo)(guo)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)同(tong)城同(tong)年(nian)举(ju)办，促进了两个(ge)(ge)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)的(de)同(tong)步(bu)规划、同(tong)步(bu)实施、同(tong)样精彩。除了举(ju)办全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)(hui)，还在(zai)各(ge)地举(ju)办全(quan)国(guo)(guo)性肢残(can)(can)(can)(can)人、盲人、聋人等(deng)各(ge)类(lei)单项(xiang)赛事，吸引各(ge)类(lei)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人广泛参与体育(yu)运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。通过(guo)举(ju)办经常性全(quan)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人体育(yu)赛事，培(pei)养了残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)员队伍(wu)，提升了残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人运(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)水平。

3.冬(dong)残奥运(yun)动(dong)水平快速提升。北京(jing)冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)的成功申办(ban)，为(wei)中国冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)带来重大(da)(da)机遇。中国高度重视冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)备战工作，制定实施(shi)了(le)(le)系列行动(dong)(dong)方案，积极推(tui)动(dong)(dong)项(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)布局，统(tong)筹训练(lian)(lian)设施(shi)、器材保(bao)障、科研服务，组(zu)织训练(lian)(lian)营选拔(ba)优(you)秀运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)员(yuan)(yuan)，加强技术力量培养和国际(ji)合作，聘请国内外高水平教练(lian)(lian)员(yuan)(yuan)，组(zu)建国家集训队，高山滑(hua)雪、冬季两项(xiang)(xiang)、越野滑(hua)雪、单板(ban)滑(hua)雪、冰球、轮椅冰壶等6个(ge)(ge)冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)大(da)(da)项(xiang)(xiang)全(quan)(quan)部纳入全(quan)(quan)国残(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)赛(sai)事(shi)，推(tui)动(dong)(dong)29个(ge)(ge)省（区(qu)、市(shi)）开展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)冬季项(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。自2015年至(zhi)2021年，全(quan)(quan)国开展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)大(da)(da)项(xiang)(xiang)由2个(ge)(ge)拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)6个(ge)(ge)，实现了(le)(le)比(bi)赛(sai)大(da)(da)项(xiang)(xiang)全(quan)(quan)覆盖；运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)员(yuan)(yuan)由不足50人(ren)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)至(zhi)近(jin)千人(ren)，技术官员(yuan)(yuan)从无到(dao)(dao)有(you)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)到(dao)(dao)100多人(ren)。自2018年起，每年举办(ban)全(quan)(quan)国性冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)项(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)比(bi)赛(sai)，并纳入2019年和2021年全(quan)(quan)国残(can)(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会(hui)赛(sai)事(shi)。2016年以来，中国残(can)(can)疾人(ren)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)员(yuan)(yuan)参(can)加冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)系列国际(ji)赛(sai)事(shi)，共获得(de)47枚(mei)金牌、54枚(mei)银牌、52枚(mei)铜牌。中国将(jiang)有(you)96名运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)员(yuan)(yuan)参(can)加北京(jing)冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)全(quan)(quan)部6个(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)项(xiang)(xiang)73个(ge)(ge)小项(xiang)(xiang)的比(bi)赛(sai)，与2014年索契(qi)冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)相(xiang)比(bi)，参(can)赛(sai)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)员(yuan)(yuan)增(zeng)加了(le)(le)80余名，参(can)赛(sai)大(da)(da)项(xiang)(xiang)增(zeng)加了(le)(le)4个(ge)(ge)、小项(xiang)(xiang)增(zeng)加了(le)(le)67个(ge)(ge)。

4. 残疾人(ren)运动(dong)员培养(yang)保(bao)障(zhang)机制逐步完善。根据残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)的(de)类别及适宜开(kai)展的(de)体育项(xiang)目，对残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)进行医学(xue)和(he)功能分(fen)级，为残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)公平参与各类体育项(xiang)目提(ti)供了前(qian)提(ti)和(he)保(bao)障(zhang)。建(jian)立完善县级发(fa)现选(xuan)送(song)、市级培(pei)养提(ti)高(gao)、省级集训(xun)(xun)(xun)参赛和(he)国家重点培(pei)养四(si)级联(lian)动(dong)的(de)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)业(ye)余训(xun)(xun)(xun)练体系，举(ju)办青(qing)少年选(xuan)拔(ba)赛、训(xun)(xun)(xun)练营，加强(qiang)后(hou)备人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才培(pei)养。加强(qiang)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体育教练员(yuan)、裁判员(yuan)、分(fen)级员(yuan)等(deng)专业(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才队伍建(jian)设。加强(qiang)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体育训(xun)(xun)(xun)练基地建(jian)设，命名(ming)45个国家残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体育训(xun)(xun)(xun)练基地，为残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)竞赛、训(xun)(xun)(xun)练、培(pei)训(xun)(xun)(xun)、科研等(deng)提(ti)供保(bao)障(zhang)和(he)服务。各级政(zheng)府采取(qu)措施，切实(shi)解(jie)决(jue)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)就学(xue)、就业(ye)和(he)社会(hui)保(bao)障(zhang)问题，开(kai)展优秀运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)免(mian)试进入高(gao)校试点工作(zuo)。制(zhi)定(ding)《残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体育赛事(shi)活动(dong)管理(li)办法(fa)》，促进残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体育赛事(shi)规范、有序发(fa)展。加强(qiang)残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体育道德作(zuo)风建(jian)设，严禁(jin)使用(yong)违禁(jin)药物和(he)各种违规行为，维护残疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体育比赛的(de)公平、公正。

四、为世界残疾(ji)人(ren)体育(yu)运动作出(chu)贡(gong)献

开放的(de)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)积极承担国(guo)(guo)际(ji)(ji)义务(wu)，成功举(ju)办北京残(can)(can)奥(ao)会、上海特(te)奥(ao)会、北京远南运动(dong)会、广(guang)州亚残(can)(can)运会，全力(li)筹办北京冬残(can)(can)奥(ao)会、杭州亚残(can)(can)运会，有力(li)促进了中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)事业发展，为(wei)国(guo)(guo)际(ji)(ji)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)体育运动(dong)发展作出(chu)了突出(chu)贡(gong)献。中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)全面参与国(guo)(guo)际(ji)(ji)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)体育事务(wu)，不(bu)断加强与其他国(guo)(guo)家和国(guo)(guo)际(ji)(ji)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)组织(zhi)交流合(he)作，增进各国(guo)(guo)人(ren)民包括残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)之间的(de)友谊。

1. 成功举办亚(ya)洲综合性残疾人体育赛事。1994年，北京(jing)举办(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)第六(liu)届(jie)(jie)远南运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)会，42个(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)家和(he)(he)地区(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)代表团(tuan)共(gong)1927人(ren)(ren)(ren)参加，规模超过历(li)届(jie)(jie)。这(zhei)是(shi)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)首(shou)次举办(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)国(guo)(guo)(guo)际综合(he)性残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)会，展示了(le)(le)改革开放(fang)和(he)(he)现代化建(jian)设的(de)(de)(de)(de)丰硕(shuo)成果，加深了(le)(le)社(she)(she)会对(dui)残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)解，助推了(le)(le)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)业发(fa)(fa)展，对(dui)推进“亚(ya)(ya)太残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)十年”行动(dong)(dong)产生了(le)(le)积极影(ying)响。2010年，在(zai)广(guang)州举办(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)首(shou)届(jie)(jie)亚(ya)(ya)残(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会，41个(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)家和(he)(he)地区(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)员参赛(sai)。这(zhei)是(shi)亚(ya)(ya)洲残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)组织重组后举办(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)届(jie)(jie)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)会，也是(shi)亚(ya)(ya)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会与(yu)亚(ya)(ya)残(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会历(li)史上首(shou)次在(zai)同(tong)城同(tong)年举行，进一步推动(dong)(dong)了(le)(le)广(guang)州的(de)(de)(de)(de)无障碍环境建(jian)设。通过举办(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)亚(ya)(ya)残(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会，在(zai)全社(she)(she)会广(guang)泛传播了(le)(le)残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)精(jing)神，营造了(le)(le)扶残(can)助残(can)、残(can)健融(rong)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)良好氛围，使(shi)更(geng)多残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)享社(she)(she)会发(fa)(fa)展成果，提高(gao)了(le)(le)亚(ya)(ya)洲残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)水平。2022年，第四届(jie)(jie)亚(ya)(ya)残(can)运(yun)(yun)(yun)会将(jiang)在(zai)杭州举办(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。届(jie)(jie)时(shi)，40多个(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)家和(he)(he)地区(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)约(yue)3800名残(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)(dong)员将(jiang)参加22个(ge)大项、604个(ge)小(xiao)项的(de)(de)(de)(de)竞赛(sai)，必将(jiang)有力促进亚(ya)(ya)洲人(ren)(ren)(ren)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)友谊(yi)与(yu)合(he)作(zuo)。

2. 圆满举办(ban)上海特奥会。2007年(nian)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)举办第12届上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)特奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)，164个国家(jia)和(he)地(di)区(qu)的(de)1万多名特奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)动员、教(jiao)练员参与(yu)了(le)(le)25个项目比赛。这是(shi)第一次在(zai)发(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)国家(jia)、在(zai)亚洲举办的(de)特奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)，鼓励了(le)(le)智力残(can)疾人参与(yu)社会(hui)的(de)勇气，推动了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)国特奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)动的(de)发(fa)展(zhan)。为迎接并纪念上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)特奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)，中(zhong)(zhong)国将(jiang)每年(nian)7月20日(ri)定为“全国特奥(ao)(ao)日(ri)”，上(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)成立了(le)(le)“阳光之家(jia)”，帮(bang)助智力残(can)疾人进行康复训练、教(jiao)育培训、日(ri)间照料、职业(ye)康复。在(zai)此基础上(shang)(shang)(shang)，全国推广“阳光家(jia)园”计划，支(zhi)持(chi)各地(di)智力、精神和(he)重度残(can)疾人托养服务机(ji)构和(he)家(jia)庭开(kai)展(zhan)托养服务工作。

3. 高水平举办北京残奥会。2008年(nian)，北(bei)(bei)京(jing)举办第13届残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)，147个(ge)(ge)国(guo)(guo)家和地(di)区的(de)4032名运(yun)动(dong)(dong)员参(can)(can)(can)加了(le)(le)(le)比赛(sai)。赛(sai)会(hui)(hui)设20个(ge)(ge)大项、472个(ge)(ge)小项，运(yun)动(dong)(dong)员人(ren)数、参(can)(can)(can)赛(sai)国(guo)(guo)家和地(di)区数、比赛(sai)项目数都(dou)创残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)历史新高。北(bei)(bei)京(jing)残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)开启了(le)(le)(le)残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)与(yu)奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)会(hui)(hui)“同(tong)(tong)时申(shen)办、同(tong)(tong)城举办”的(de)新模式，兑(dui)现了(le)(le)(le)“两个(ge)(ge)奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)，同(tong)(tong)样精(jing)(jing)彩”的(de)承(cheng)诺(nuo)，为(wei)世(shi)界奉献了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)届高水平(ping)、有(you)特(te)色的(de)残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)，“超越、融合、共享(xiang)”理念是中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)对(dui)国(guo)(guo)际残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)的(de)精(jing)(jing)神贡献。残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)(ao)会(hui)(hui)在(zai)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)设施、城市交通、无障碍环境建(jian)设、志愿服务(wu)等(deng)方面(mian)留下(xia)了(le)(le)(le)丰富遗(yi)产，有(you)力促进(jin)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)事业发(fa)展。北(bei)(bei)京(jing)市建(jian)设了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)批规范化(hua)、标准化(hua)的(de)“温馨家园”，残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)及其家庭(ting)可以就近就便享(xiang)受(shou)职业康复、教育(yu)(yu)(yu)培训、日(ri)间照料、文(wen)体活(huo)动(dong)(dong)等(deng)服务(wu)，为(wei)平(ping)等(deng)融入社(she)会(hui)(hui)生(sheng)活(huo)创造了(le)(le)(le)条件。社(she)会(hui)(hui)各界进(jin)一(yi)步(bu)增进(jin)了(le)(le)(le)对(dui)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)事业和残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)认识(shi)，“平(ping)等(deng)、参(can)(can)(can)与(yu)、共享(xiang)”的(de)理念更加深入人(ren)心，全社(she)会(hui)(hui)尊重、理解、关心、帮助残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)的(de)氛围更加浓(nong)厚。中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)履行了(le)(le)(le)对(dui)国(guo)(guo)际社(she)会(hui)(hui)的(de)郑重承(cheng)诺(nuo)，广(guang)泛弘扬了(le)(le)(le)“团(tuan)结、友谊、和平(ping)”的(de)奥(ao)(ao)林匹克(ke)精(jing)(jing)神，促进(jin)了(le)(le)(le)世(shi)界各国(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)的(de)相(xiang)互了(le)(le)(le)解和友谊，让“同(tong)(tong)一(yi)个(ge)(ge)世(shi)界、同(tong)(tong)一(yi)个(ge)(ge)梦想”的(de)口号响彻(che)寰球，赢得了(le)(le)(le)国(guo)(guo)际社(she)会(hui)(hui)高度评(ping)价(jia)。

4. 全力筹办北京2022年(nian)冬残奥(ao)会。2015年，北(bei)(bei)京携(xie)手(shou)张家(jia)(jia)口(kou)赢得了2022年冬(dong)(dong)奥(ao)会和冬(dong)(dong)残(can)奥(ao)会的(de)举(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)权，北(bei)(bei)京成(cheng)为(wei)(wei)第一个既举(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)过(guo)夏季(ji)残(can)奥(ao)会又举(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)残(can)奥(ao)会的(de)城市(shi)，冬(dong)(dong)残(can)奥(ao)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)迎来重大发展机(ji)遇。中(zhong)国全面落实“绿(lv)色、共(gong)享、开放、廉洁”的(de)办(ban)(ban)奥(ao)理念，突出“简约(yue)、安(an)全、精彩”的(de)办(ban)(ban)赛要求，积极与国际残(can)奥(ao)委员(yuan)会等(deng)国际体(ti)育组织沟(gou)通(tong)合作，落实新冠肺炎疫情(qing)防控各(ge)项措施(shi)，精心做好赛会组织、赛会服务(wu)(wu)、科技应用、文化(hua)活动(dong)等(deng)各(ge)项筹办(ban)(ban)工作。北(bei)(bei)京自2019年起实施(shi)无(wu)障碍(ai)环(huan)境建设专项行动(dong)，确(que)定城市(shi)道路整改、公共(gong)交通(tong)、公共(gong)服务(wu)(wu)场所(suo)、信息交流等(deng)重点领域17项重点任务(wu)(wu)，累计完成(cheng)33.6万个点位改造，基(ji)本实现首都功能核(he)心区(qu)无(wu)障碍(ai)化(hua)，城市(shi)无(wu)障碍(ai)环(huan)境规(gui)范性、适(shi)用性、系(xi)统化(hua)水平显著提升。张家(jia)(jia)口(kou)积极推(tui)进公共(gong)设施(shi)无(wu)障碍(ai)建设，城市(shi)无(wu)障碍(ai)环(huan)境显著改善。建立完善以残(can)疾人(ren)冰雪(xue)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)为(wei)(wei)支撑的(de)残(can)疾人(ren)冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)活动(dong)体(ti)系(xi)，加快推(tui)动(dong)残(can)疾人(ren)冰雪(xue)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)普及。北(bei)(bei)京冬(dong)(dong)残(can)奥(ao)会将于2022年3月4日(ri)至13日(ri)举(ju)(ju)办(ban)(ban)。截至2022年2月20日(ri)，来自48个国家(jia)(jia)（地区(qu)）的(de)647名(ming)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)注册参(can)赛。中(zhong)国已做好准备，迎接世界冬(dong)(dong)残(can)奥(ao)运(yun)(yun)(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)参(can)赛。

5. 积极参(can)与国际残(can)疾人体育事务。随(sui)着中国(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)走向(xiang)世(shi)界(jie)，中国(guo)(guo)(guo)在国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)事务中发(fa)挥(hui)着越来越重要(yao)的作用，话语(yu)权和(he)影响(xiang)力逐步扩大(da)。自1984年起，中国(guo)(guo)(guo)相继加入国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)伤残(can)(can)(can)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织(zhi)、国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)盲(mang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)联(lian)合(he)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)脑瘫人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)协会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、世(shi)界(jie)聋人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)联(lian)合(he)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)轮椅运动(dong)(dong)联(lian)合(he)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)特殊奥(ao)林(lin)匹克委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、远东及南太平洋地区(qu)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运动(dong)(dong)联(lian)合(he)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)等世(shi)界(jie)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织(zhi)，与一(yi)些国(guo)(guo)(guo)家和(he)地区(qu)的残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织(zhi)建立了友(you)好关系。中国(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)协会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、中国(guo)(guo)(guo)聋人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)协会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、中国(guo)(guo)(guo)特奥(ao)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)已经成为世(shi)界(jie)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织(zhi)的重要(yao)成员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。积(ji)极参(can)加国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)残(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)代表(biao)大(da)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)等国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)关重要(yao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)议，共商国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)发(fa)展大(da)计。中国(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)官(guan)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、裁判(pan)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、专家等获任远南运动(dong)(dong)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)联(lian)合(he)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)执(zhi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、世(shi)界(jie)聋人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)联(lian)合(he)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)盲(mang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)联(lian)合(he)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)执(zhi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和(he)专项委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)负(fu)责人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。为培养残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技(ji)术力量，先后推荐和(he)委(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)派(pai)专业(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)担任有(you)关国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)组织(zhi)的技(ji)术官(guan)员(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)国(guo)(guo)(guo)际(ji)裁判(pan)。

6. 深入开展残(can)疾人体育国际交流(liu)。1982年(nian)，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)首次组派体育(yu)(yu)(yu)代表团参加(jia)第(di)三届远南运动会，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)逐步融入世界残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)。中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)积(ji)极(ji)开展国(guo)(guo)际残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)友(you)好交(jiao)流与(yu)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)。在共(gong)(gong)建(jian)“一(yi)带(dai)(dai)一(yi)路”、中(zhong)非合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)论(lun)坛等(deng)多边(bian)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)机制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)双(shuang)边(bian)交(jiao)往中(zhong)，把残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)作(zuo)(zuo)为人(ren)(ren)(ren)文交(jiao)流的(de)重要内(nei)容。2017年(nian)，举办(ban)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)“一(yi)带(dai)(dai)一(yi)路”框架(jia)下残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)务(wu)(wu)主题活动，发布《关(guan)于(yu)促(cu)进“一(yi)带(dai)(dai)一(yi)路”残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)务(wu)(wu)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)交(jiao)流的(de)倡议》和(he)相关(guan)文件，搭建(jian)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)设施资源共(gong)(gong)享机制(zhi)(zhi)，向共(gong)(gong)建(jian)“一(yi)带(dai)(dai)一(yi)路”国(guo)(guo)家残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)运动员(yuan)、教练员(yuan)开放45个国(guo)(guo)家级残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)夏季和(he)冬(dong)季体育(yu)(yu)(yu)训练中(zhong)心。2019年(nian)，举办(ban)共(gong)(gong)建(jian)“一(yi)带(dai)(dai)一(yi)路”框架(jia)下残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事(shi)务(wu)(wu)主题活动体育(yu)(yu)(yu)分论(lun)坛，促(cu)成(cheng)各残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)组织间(jian)互学互鉴，共(gong)(gong)同打造残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)事(shi)业交(jiao)流合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)典范(fan)。同年(nian)，中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)残奥委员(yuan)会与(yu)芬兰、俄罗斯、希腊等(deng)国(guo)(guo)残奥委员(yuan)会签订了(le)残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)发展战(zhan)略(lve)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)协议。与(yu)此同时，中(zhong)外地方(fang)和(he)城市间(jian)的(de)残疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)体育(yu)(yu)(yu)交(jiao)流日趋活跃。

五、残疾人(ren)体育展现中国人(ren)权(quan)事(shi)业(ye)发(fa)展进步

中国残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)体育(yu)事(shi)业(ye)蓬勃发展，不仅体现出残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)体育(yu)精神与实(shi)力(li)，更体现出中国式的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)权(quan)与国家发展的(de)(de)成(cheng)绩(ji)。中国坚持以(yi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)为中心，将人(ren)(ren)民(min)幸福生(sheng)活(huo)作为最大的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)权(quan)，促(cu)进(jin)人(ren)(ren)权(quan)事(shi)业(ye)全面(mian)发展，切实(shi)保障(zhang)包括残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)在内(nei)的(de)(de)特定群体的(de)(de)各项(xiang)权(quan)益。参与体育(yu)活(huo)动的(de)(de)权(quan)利是残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)全面(mian)实(shi)现生(sheng)存权(quan)和(he)发展权(quan)的(de)(de)重要内(nei)容。中国残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)体育(yu)事(shi)业(ye)发展，符(fu)合中国国情，有效(xiao)回应残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)群体的(de)(de)需要，促(cu)进(jin)残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)身心健康。残疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)体育(yu)是中国人(ren)(ren)权(quan)事(shi)业(ye)发展进(jin)步的(de)(de)生(sheng)动写(xie)照，弘扬了全人(ren)(ren)类共同(tong)价值(zhi)，促(cu)进(jin)了各国人(ren)(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)交往(wang)、了解和(he)友谊，为构建公(gong)平公(gong)正合理包容的(de)(de)全球人(ren)(ren)权(quan)治理秩序、维护世界和(he)平发展贡献了中国智(zhi)慧。

1. 坚持(chi)以(yi)人(ren)民为中心(xin)(xin)，促进残疾人(ren)身心(xin)(xin)健康。中(zhong)国(guo)坚持以人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)为中(zhong)心的人(ren)(ren)(ren)权(quan)(quan)(quan)理念，以发展促进残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)权(quan)(quan)(quan)益保(bao)障(zhang)。国(guo)家在发展战略(lve)中(zhong)纳(na)入残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)事业，实现了“全面(mian)建成小康(kang)社会(hui)，残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)一个也不能少”的目标。体育(yu)(yu)是提高人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)健康(kang)水(shui)平(ping)的重要(yao)途径，是满足人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)群众(zhong)对美(mei)好生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)向(xiang)往的重要(yao)手(shou)段。残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)通过参(can)与体育(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)动，有(you)助于改善身体机能，减轻和(he)消除(chu)功能障(zhang)碍，增(zeng)强独(du)立生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)能力，满足兴趣爱好，增(zeng)加社会(hui)交往，提高生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)品质(zhi)，实现人(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)价值(zhi)。中(zhong)国(guo)高度重视残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)健康(kang)权(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)保(bao)障(zhang)，强调(diao)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)“人(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)享有(you)康(kang)复(fu)(fu)服务(wu)”。中(zhong)国(guo)把残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)康(kang)复(fu)(fu)健身体育(yu)(yu)纳(na)入残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)康(kang)复(fu)(fu)服务(wu)。各级政府面(mian)向(xiang)基层，创新服务(wu)方(fang)式，开展广泛的残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)康(kang)复(fu)(fu)健身体育(yu)(yu)工作。在学(xue)校教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)中(zhong)保(bao)障(zhang)残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)学(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)平(ping)等参(can)与体育(yu)(yu)、增(zeng)进身心健康(kang)和(he)发育(yu)(yu)。残(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的健康(kang)权(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)通过体育(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)动得(de)到(dao)更好保(bao)障(zhang)。

2. 坚持立足中国国情，促进残疾(ji)人平等融合。中国(guo)坚(jian)(jian)持把(ba)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)权(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)普(pu)(pu)遍性原则同本国(guo)实(shi)际(ji)相结合，坚(jian)(jian)持生(sheng)(sheng)存权(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)发(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)权(quan)(quan)是首要(yao)的(de)(de)基本人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)权(quan)(quan)，把(ba)增进人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民福祉、保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民当家作主、促进人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)全(quan)面(mian)发(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)作为(wei)发(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)出发(fa)(fa)(fa)点(dian)和(he)(he)落(luo)脚点(dian)，努力(li)维护(hu)社(she)会(hui)公平正义。中国(guo)的(de)(de)法律制度规定残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)享有(you)(you)(you)与(yu)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)平等的(de)(de)参(can)与(yu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)权(quan)(quan)利(li)，在实(shi)施(shi)中加强(qiang)对残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)权(quan)(quan)利(li)的(de)(de)平等保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)和(he)(he)特殊扶(fu)(fu)助。国(guo)家建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)和(he)(he)完善公共体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)设(she)(she)施(shi)及服务(wu)，确保(bao)(bao)(bao)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)获得(de)公共体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)服务(wu)的(de)(de)均等化(hua)(hua)。国(guo)家采取有(you)(you)(you)力(li)措(cuo)施(shi)，全(quan)面(mian)推进体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)领域(yu)的(de)(de)无障(zhang)碍环(huan)境(jing)建(jian)(jian)设(she)(she)，加强(qiang)全(quan)民健身场(chang)(chang)地设(she)(she)施(shi)无障(zhang)碍改造(zao)，完善各(ge)(ge)类(lei)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)场(chang)(chang)馆设(she)(she)施(shi)并(bing)向所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)开放，落(luo)实(shi)合理便(bian)利(li)支持，消除残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)充(chong)(chong)分参(can)与(yu)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)外部(bu)障(zhang)碍。北京冬残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)奥(ao)会(hui)等体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)赛事(shi)为(wei)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)全(quan)面(mian)参(can)与(yu)社(she)会(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)创(chuang)造(zao)了体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)、经济、社(she)会(hui)、文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、环(huan)境(jing)、城(cheng)市发(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)(he)区域(yu)发(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方面(mian)的(de)(de)丰厚遗产。各(ge)(ge)地举(ju)办(ban)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)重大(da)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)赛事(shi)的(de)(de)场(chang)(chang)馆，在赛后继续服务(wu)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，并(bing)为(wei)城(cheng)市无障(zhang)碍环(huan)境(jing)建(jian)(jian)设(she)(she)提(ti)供了样板。各(ge)(ge)级政府(fu)完善社(she)区残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)设(she)(she)施(shi)，培育(yu)(yu)扶(fu)(fu)持残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)组织(zhi)和(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)艺(yi)团体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，购买多(duo)样的(de)(de)社(she)会(hui)服务(wu)，举(ju)办(ban)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)健融合的(de)(de)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)，促进残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社(she)区文(wen)(wen)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)活(huo)(huo)(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)参(can)与(yu)率不(bu)断提(ti)高。相关(guan)组织(zhi)和(he)(he)机构研发(fa)(fa)(fa)推广适(shi)合国(guo)情和(he)(he)各(ge)(ge)类(lei)别残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)锻炼(lian)的(de)(de)小型康复体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)和(he)(he)健身体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)器材，创(chuang)编普(pu)(pu)及项目和(he)(he)方法。残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)充(chong)(chong)分参(can)与(yu)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)，追求卓(zhuo)越(yue)，突破(po)自我(wo)，团结拼搏(bo)，共享平等融合，实(shi)现人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)出彩。残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)弘(hong)扬中华优秀传(chuan)统文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)，关(guan)爱(ai)生(sheng)(sheng)命、弱有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)扶(fu)(fu)、和(he)(he)合包容，鼓舞和(he)(he)激励更多(duo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)热爱(ai)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)、参(can)与(yu)运动(dong)(dong)(dong)。广大(da)残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)自尊、自信(xin)、自立(li)(li)、自强(qiang)，发(fa)(fa)(fa)扬中华体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)精神，在体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)中展(zhan)(zhan)现生(sheng)(sheng)命力(li)量和(he)(he)卓(zhuo)越(yue)品格。残(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)通(tong)过体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)动(dong)(dong)(dong)，平等参(can)与(yu)社(she)会(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)权(quan)(quan)利(li)得(de)到更好保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。

3. 坚持(chi)同等重视各(ge)类人权，实现残疾(ji)人全面发展。残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)是一(yi)面镜(jing)子，折射出残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)生活(huo)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)和(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)权(quan)状况(kuang)。中国确保残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)享有各项经济、政治、社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)、文化权(quan)利(li)，为残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)参与(yu)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)和(he)(he)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)生活(huo)、实现全(quan)(quan)面发展奠定(ding)了(le)坚实基础(chu)。在发展全(quan)(quan)过程人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)民(min)(min)主中充分(fen)吸收残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及其(qi)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)组织、群(qun)众代表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)意(yi)见(jian)，使(shi)国家体(ti)育(yu)(yu)制度更加公平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)和(he)(he)包容。不断加强残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)保障(zhang)和(he)(he)福利(li)服(fu)务(wu)，稳步(bu)提高残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)受(shou)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，更好(hao)保障(zhang)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)就业权(quan)利(li)。完(wan)善残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)公共法律服(fu)务(wu)体(ti)系(xi)，加大对(dui)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)身(shen)财产的(de)(de)保护力度，消除(chu)基于残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)歧(qi)视。定(ding)期开展残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)先进(jin)评选，表(biao)(biao)彰在残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)发展中作(zuo)(zuo)出积极(ji)贡献的(de)(de)单位(wei)和(he)(he)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。加强对(dui)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)的(de)(de)宣传(chuan)报道(dao)，通过各种渠道(dao)和(he)(he)形(xing)(xing)式，传(chuan)播(bo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)新观念新风尚，营造良好(hao)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)环境。社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)大众深入了(le)解“勇气(qi)、决心、激励(li)、平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)等(deng)(deng)”的(de)(de)残(can)(can)(can)(can)奥会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)价值(zhi)，认同无障(zhang)碍(ai)理念，增强平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)等(deng)(deng)融(rong)合意(yi)识，对(dui)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)事业各项工作(zuo)(zuo)更加关注和(he)(he)支(zhi)持。社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)各界通过“残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)健身(shen)周”“残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文化周”“全(quan)(quan)国特奥日”“残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)冰雪(xue)运动(dong)季”等(deng)(deng)契机，以活(huo)动(dong)赞助、志愿服(fu)务(wu)、啦啦队等(deng)(deng)形(xing)(xing)式支(zhi)持促进(jin)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)参与(yu)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)，共享社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)文明成果。残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)育(yu)(yu)活(huo)动(dong)推动(dong)全(quan)(quan)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)增强尊重和(he)(he)保障(zhang)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)固有尊严和(he)(he)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)等(deng)(deng)权(quan)利(li)的(de)(de)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)氛围(wei)，有力地促进(jin)了(le)社(she)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)文明进(jin)步(bu)。

4. 坚(jian)持推进国(guo)际(ji)合作，加(jia)强残(can)疾人体育交流。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)主(zhu)张加(jia)(jia)强不同(tong)文(wen)明交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)互鉴，将(jiang)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育作(zuo)为残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)领域国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际友好(hao)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)部分。作(zuo)为体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育大(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育事务中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)发(fa)挥着越(yue)来越(yue)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用，有力促(cu)进了区域和(he)全球(qiu)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育蓬勃发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)积(ji)极(ji)履行联合(he)(he)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)《残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)权利公(gong)(gong)约》、落实联合(he)(he)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)2030年可持续(xu)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)议(yi)程取得的(de)(de)丰硕(shuo)成(cheng)果。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)尊重(zhong)各(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)化、体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育和(he)社会制度的(de)(de)多样性，强调(diao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育活动(dong)和(he)规则(ze)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)平(ping)正义。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)不附加(jia)(jia)任何条(tiao)件，积(ji)极(ji)向国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际残(can)(can)(can)(can)奥委员会发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)基金捐款，搭建体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育设(she)施资源共享机制，向国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)运动(dong)员、教练员开放国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家级残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育训练中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)促(cu)进残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)广泛(fan)参(can)与国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育活动(dong)，增进民间交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)了解和(he)民心相通，推(tui)动(dong)构建更加(jia)(jia)公(gong)(gong)平(ping)公(gong)(gong)正合(he)(he)理(li)包(bao)容的(de)(de)全球(qiu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)权治理(li)秩序，升(sheng)华了世界各(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民之间的(de)(de)友谊，促(cu)进了世界和(he)平(ping)与发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)强调(diao)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)是人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类大(da)家庭的(de)(de)平(ping)等成(cheng)员，始终高扬人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)道主(zhu)义和(he)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际主(zhu)义精神，推(tui)动(dong)残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)际交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)合(he)(he)作(zuo)，以残(can)(can)(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)育交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)合(he)(he)作(zuo)描(miao)绘(hui)不同(tong)文(wen)明交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)互鉴的(de)(de)宏伟(wei)画卷，积(ji)极(ji)构建人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类命运共同(tong)体(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。

结束语

关(guan)心(xin)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)，是社(she)会(hui)文明的重要标志。发展(zhan)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育，对(dui)于激励(li)广大(da)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)自(zi)尊(zun)、自(zi)信、自(zi)立、自(zi)强，弘扬自(zi)强不(bu)息(xi)时(shi)代精神，营造全(quan)(quan)社(she)会(hui)理(li)解、尊(zun)重、关(guan)心(xin)、支(zhi)持残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)和残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)事(shi)业(ye)，共(gong)同(tong)促进(jin)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)全(quan)(quan)面发展(zhan)和共(gong)同(tong)富裕有着十(shi)分重要的作用(yong)。新中国(guo)成(cheng)立以来(lai)，特别(bie)是中共(gong)十(shi)八大(da)以来(lai)，中国(guo)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育事(shi)业(ye)取(qu)得举世瞩(zhu)目(mu)的成(cheng)绩。同(tong)时(shi)也要看(kan)到，中国(guo)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育发展(zhan)仍(reng)然不(bu)平衡、不(bu)充分，存(cun)在(zai)较大(da)的地区和城(cheng)乡差距，服务能力(li)仍(reng)然不(bu)足，康复健身体(ti)(ti)育的参与率还(hai)需进(jin)一(yi)步提高(gao)，残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)冰(bing)雪(xue)运动还(hai)需进(jin)一(yi)步普及，发展(zhan)残(can)(can)疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)体(ti)(ti)育依然任重道(dao)远。

在(zai)以习近(jin)平同志为(wei)核心(xin)的(de)党中央(yang)坚(jian)强领导(dao)下，在(zai)全面建设社会主义现代化(hua)国家(jia)新征程(cheng)中，中国共产(chan)党和(he)中国政府坚(jian)持(chi)以人(ren)民(min)为(wei)中心(xin)的(de)发展(zhan)思想(xiang)，坚(jian)持(chi)弱有所(suo)扶，保(bao)障残疾人(ren)平等权(quan)利，增进残疾人(ren)民(min)生福(fu)祉，提高(gao)残疾人(ren)自我发展(zhan)能力，切实尊(zun)重和(he)保(bao)障包括残疾人(ren)参与体育运动的(de)权(quan)利在(zai)内的(de)各项(xiang)权(quan)益，推动残疾人(ren)事业向(xiang)现代化(hua)迈(mai)进，不断(duan)满足广(guang)大残疾人(ren)对美好生活的(de)向(xiang)往。

来源(yuan)：新华社

编辑：艾伯宁